mini-FIFe Fluorometers for exploration of the ocean and land

Mini-FIRe is the latest development in chlorophyll variable fluorescence technology and delivers ultra-high sensitivity and accuracy in assessing photosynthetic rates and primary production in relation to environmental conditions in the ocean. This technique has been developed by Drs. Maxim Gorbunov and Paul Falkowski and provides a comprehensive suite of characteristics of photosynthetic light harvesting, photochemistry, and electron transport down to carbon fixation and delivers operational protocols for robotic underway sampling and discrete sample analysis in the lab and in the field. 
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Mini-FIRe fluorometers deliver new kinetic analysis of photosynthetic rates (Gorbunov and Falkowski 2021; 2022), which dramatically improves measurements of photosynthetic rates, primary production and growth rates.  The mini-FIRe instruments exhibit 10-20 times higher sensitivity and precision, as compared to their predecessors, which is makes these instruments invaluable for sampling in the open ocean.